Effect Of Irrigation Scheduling Research Articles

Effects of irrigation scheduling on the yield and irrigation water productivity of cucumber in coconut coir culture

Optimum irrigation scheduling is important for ensuring high yield and water productivity in substrate-cultivated vegetables and is determined based on information such as substrate water content, meteorological parameters, and crop growth. The aim of this study was to determine a precise irrigation schedule for coconut coir culture in a solar greenhouse by comparing the irrigation, evapotranspiration (ET), substrate water content (VWC), as well as the crop growth indices and yield of cucumber, and irrigation water productivity (IWP) under three irrigation schedules: the soil moisture sensor-based method (T-VWC), the accumulated radiation combined with soil moisture sensor-based method (Rn-VWC), and the crop evapotranspiration estimated method using the hourly PM-ETo equation with an improved calculation of Kc (T-ETc). The results showed that the daily irrigation and evapotranspiration amount were the highest under T-VWC treatment, while the lowest under T-ETc treatment. In different meteorological environments, the change in irrigation amount was more consistent with the ET,and the VWC was relatively stable in T-ETc treatment compared with that under T-VWC or Rn-VWC treatments. The plant height, leaves number, leaf area, and stem diameter of T-VWC and Rn-VWC treatments were higher than those of the T-ETc treatments, but there was no significant difference in cucumber yield. Compared with the T-VWC treatment, total irrigation amount under Rn-VWC and T-ETc treatments significantly decreased by 25.75% and 34.04%, respectively (P<0.05\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\hbox {P}<0.05$$\\end{document}). The highest IWP values of 25.07 kg m-3\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$^{-3}$$\\end{document} was achieved from T-ETc treatment with significantly increasing by 44.33% compared to the T-VWC treatment (17.37 kg m-3\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$^{-3}$$\\end{document}). In summary, the T-ETc treatment allowed more reasonable irrigation management and was appropriate for growing cucumber in coconut coir culture.

Agronomic management: irrigation scheduling, mulching and integrated nutrient management influences growth, yields, quality, and economics of summer groundnut in a subtropical condition of India

In changing climate scenarios, practically sound and suitable agronomic management options are of utmost need for sustainable crop production. An experiment involving three irrigation scheduling, two mulching, and four integrated nutrient management (INM) treatments was undertaken for consecutive two years at the Research Farm of the Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India in a split-split plot design with three replicates. This study evaluated the effect of irrigation scheduling, mulching, and INM on the performance of summer groundnut under sub-tropical conditions. Irrigation scheduling, mulching, and INM had a significant influence on growth and developmental parameters, yield attributes, yields, shelling (%), harvest index, quality parameters, and economics. Scheduling irrigation at lower cumulative pan evaporation (CPE) hugely benefited crops through increased pod yield (8.3%) haulm yield (5%), kernel yield (8.4%), oil yield (8.6%), and net returns (12.7%) over higher CPE (100 mm). The use of paddy straw mulch enhanced pod yield, haulm yield, kernel yield, oil yield, and net returns by 8.2, 3.6, 8.3, 9.0, and 13.2%, respectively as compared to dust mulch. Among INM, 75% RDN (recommended dose of nitrogen) + 25% N (FYM) + 60 kg S (gypsum) adjudged significantly better and recorded higher biological yield (16%), net returns (39%), and B:C ratio (16.2%) than 100% RDN. It is concluded that scheduling irrigation at 60 mm CPE along with paddy straw mulch and 75% RDN + 25% N (FYM) + 60 kg S (gypsum) can be adopted for better yield and economics of summer groundnut under sub-tropical conditions.

Effect of Irrigation Scheduling and Different Sowing Dates on Growth and Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

The study was conducted at Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Ayodhya (U.P.) Agronomy Research Farm in rabi season 2021-22. Twelve main plot treatments included 15th November, 25th November, and 5th December sowing dates, while four sub plot treatments included irrigation at 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, and 1.2 IW/CPE ratios. Split plot design was used for three replications. Under 15th November sowing, all growth, yield, and characteristics rose dramatically. Irrigating at 1.0 IW/CPE ratio increased wheat shoot m-2, plant height (cm), dry matter accumulation (g m-2), yield characteristics, grain and straw yield (q ha-1) considerably. Wheat yields were highest when sown on November 15. Under 15th November planting, water use efficiency was highest (9.85 kg ha-1mm-1). Out of all treatments, 15th Nov planting had the highest biological (128.21 q ha-1) and seed yield (51.43 q ha-1) and irrigation on 1.0 IW/CPE had the highest biological (127.18 q ha-1) and seed yield (50.83 Maximum Harvest Index was 40.11 percent with 15th November planting and 1.0 IW/CPE ratio irrigation (39.96%).

Effect of Irrigation Scheduling and Different Sowing Dates on Water Productivity and Economics of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

“Effect of moisture regime under different sowing dates of wheat crop (Triticum aestivum L.)” was investigated at Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture &amp; Technology, Ayodhya (U.P.) Agronomy Research Farm in rabi season 2021-22. Twelve main plot treatments included 15th November, 25th November, and 5th December sowing dates, while four sub plot treatments included irrigation at 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, and 1.2 IW/CPE ratios. Split plot design was used for three replications. Under 15th November sowing, all growth, yield, and characteristics rose dramatically. Irrigation at 1.0 IW/CPE ratio increased wheat shoot m-2, plant height (cm), dry matter accumulation (g m-2), yield characteristics, grain and straw yield (q ha-1) considerably. D113 (15 November planting with irrigation at 1.0 IW/CPE ratio) had the best net return and D1I2 (15 November sowing with irrigation at 0.8 IW/CPE proportion) the highest B:C ratio (2.54). Wheat yields were highest when sown on November 15. Under 15th November planting, water use efficiency was highest (9.85 kg ha-1mm-1). Irrigation with 1.0 IW/CPE ratio had the maximum water usage efficiency (9.34 kg ha-1 mm-1). The 15 November seeding with irrigation at 1.0 IW/CPE ratio yielded the highest net return (1,17,124.00), making wheat farming profitable. Maximum B:C ratio (2.54) with I1D2 therapy.

Impact of Irrigation Scheduling and Nitrogen Management Through Drip Irrigation System on Nutrient Content and Uptake of Rabi Maize (Zea mays L.)

The state of the soil's nutrients can be significantly impacted by improper irrigation and nitrogen application, which may accelerate nutrient losses and cause soil erosion and ground water pollution. A field experiment was conducted during consecutive two rabi seasons of the years 2021 and 2022 at Regional Research Station, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat, India to study the “Impact of irrigation scheduling and nitrogen management through drip irrigation system on nutrient content and uptake of rabi maize (Zea mays L.)”. The soil of the experimental field was loamy sand in texture, with low organic carbon and available nitrogen, medium available phosphorus and high potassium with soil pH 8.21. The experiment was carried out in split plot design with four levels of irrigation scheduling based on Alternate Day Pan Evaporation Fraction (ADPEF) were considered in main plot viz., I1 : Irrigation scheduling at 0.8 ADPEF, I2 : Irrigation scheduling at 1.0 ADPEF, I3 : Irrigation scheduling at 1.2 ADPEF and I4 : Control (Flood irrigation) and three nitrogen management treatments viz. N1 : 100% RDN through inorganic fertilizer, N2 : 75% RDN through inorganic fertilizer + Bio NPK consortium, N3 : 50% RDN through inorganic fertilizer + Bio NPK consortium + 5 t/ha FYM were assigned in sub plots, comprised of 12 treatment combinations. Result of the experiment showed that irrigation scheduling at 1.2 ADPEF (I3) recorded significantly higher N content in grain and stover and it was remained at par with irrigation scheduling at 1.0 ADPEF (I2) during 2021, 2022 and pooled analysis. P and K content in grain and stover was found non-significant due to various irrigation scheduling treatments during individual years and on pooled basis. Irrigation scheduling at 1.2 ADPEF (I3) recorded significantly higher N, P uptake by grain and stover and K uptake by grain during 2021, 2022 and on pooled basis. K uptake by stover found significantly higher under irrigation scheduling at 1.2 ADPEF (I3) during 2021-22 and pooled basis. While K, uptake by stover found non-significant. Nitrogen management with 100% RDN through inorganic fertilizer recorded significantly the highest N content in grain and stover and pooled analysis. While, P and K content grain and stover found non- and pooled analysis. Application of 100% RDN through inorganic fertilizer found significantly higher N, P and K uptake by grain and stover and pooled basis. Interaction effect of irrigation scheduling and nitrogen management treatments was found significantly higher N uptake by grain and K uptake by stover (pooled basis) under irrigation scheduling at 1.2 ADPEF with 100% RDN through inorganic fertilizer (I3N1).

Effect of scheduling of irrigation on yield and economics of safflower genotypesunder limited water availability conditions

A field experiment was carried out to find out the effect of irrigation schedules for a suitable variety of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) using 3 genotypes and seven irrigation schedules.. The seed yield of safflowerwas significantly influenced by safflower genotypes. The seed yield of safflower was significantly higher in DSH 184 (1253 kg /ha) which was followed by TSF-1 (1123 kg /ha). While NARI-6 recorded the lowest yields (972 kg /ha). The seed yield of safflower differed significantly due to the application of irrigation at critical stages of the crop. The crop received 3 irrigations each at the Stem elongation stage + Early flowering stage + Seed filling stage resulting in significantly superior yields (1489 kg/ha) which was followed by 2 irrigations each at the Stem elongation stage + Early flowering stage (1408 kg/ha) and 2 irrigations each at the Stem elongation stage + Seed filling stage (1303 kg/ha). Crop grown completely under rainfed conditions recorded the lowest yield (776 kg/ha). The seed yield increased up to 47.88% by providing 3 irrigations each at Stem elongation, Early flowering and Seed filling stages as compared to rainfed conditions.

Effect of Irrigation Scheduling and Fertility Management on Growth and Yield Parameters of Basmati Rice

The data revealed that the potential effect of irrigation scheduling and fertilizer management on plant height, number of tillers, dry matter accumulation (g plant-1), leaf area index, panicle length, number of panicle, number of grains per panicle and 1000- grains weight, and yields of Basmati rice. The maximum plant height and numbers of tillers were recorded in IW/CPE 1.0 up to panicle initiation stage and thereafter IW/CPE 1.2 up to dough stage and 150% RDN: 5 equal splits at 15, 25, 35, 45 &amp; 60 DAT at all the stages of crop growth, while the minimum plant height and numbers of tillers were observed with the application of IW/CPE 0.8 throughout the growth stage and 100% RDN: 4 equal splits at 15, 30, 45 &amp; 60 DAT at all the growth stages. Similarly, the maximum dry matter accumulation (g plant-1) and leaf area index were recorded in IW/CPE 1.0 up to panicle initiation stage and thereafter IW/CPE 1.2 up to dough stage and 150% RDN: 5 equal splits at 15, 25, 35, 45 &amp; 60 DAT and significantly superior over rest of the treatments, while the minimum dry matter accumulation (g plant-1) and leaf area index were weighted with IW/CPE 0.8 throughout the growth stage and 100% RDN: 4 equal splits at 15, 30, 45 &amp; 60 DAT. Yield attributing characters like panicle length, number of pancle, number of grains per panicle and 1000- grains weight exhibited variations due to different irrigation and fertilizer management. With the application of IW/CPE 1.0 up to panicle initiation stage and thereafter IW/CPE 1.2 up to dough stage and 150% RDN: 5 equal splits at 15, 25, 35, 45 &amp; 60 DAT highest mean panicle length, number of pancle, number of grains per panicle and 1000- grains weight was recorded. The highest grain yield, straw yield and biological yield was recorded in IW/CPE 1.0 upto panicle initiation stage and thereafter IW/CPE 1.2 upto dough stage and 150% RDN: 5 equal splits at 15, 25, 35, 45 &amp; 60 DAT and the lowest grain yield, straw yield and biological yield was recorded in IW/CPE 0.8 throughout the growth stage and 100% RDN: 4 equal splits at 15, 30, 45 &amp; 60 DAT.

Optimizing irrigation management sustained grain yield, crop water productivity, and mitigated greenhouse gas emissions from the winter wheat field in North China Plain

Climate change caused by increasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions has led to frequent extreme weather events, which seriously threaten sustainable agricultural production. Therefore, it is essential to optimize proper irrigation management to improve the grain yield, crop water productivity (WPc), economic crop water productivity (EWPc), and lower global warming potential (GWP) and GWP Intensity (GWPI). The effect of irrigation scheduling and irrigation methods on GHG emissions remains largely unknown, even though this knowledge is essential to optimize the irrigation management. To address this knowledge gap, a field experiment was carried out in the North China Plain (NCP) for three winter wheat seasons to measure the influence of different irrigation methods and irrigation scheduling on WPc, EWPc, GWP, and GWPI. Irrigation scheduling including 50%, 60%, and 70% of the field capacity (FC) were kept in the main plots and irrigation methods, including sprinkler, drip, and flood irrigation methods in the sub-plots. The results revealed that relative to sprinkler irrigation at 60% FC, drip irrigation at 60% FC significantly (p < 0.05) improved the yield 4.89–7.52%, WPc 1.0–5.4%, EWPc 1.1–5.49%, lower GWP 7.47–9.34%, and GWPI 10.92–15.23%. Compared with flood irrigation at 60% FC, drip irrigation at 60% FC increased grain yield 5.34–6.81%, WPc 5.65–15.1%, EWPc 5.73–15.12%, lower GWP 10.36–15.16%, and GWPI 16.22–19.40%. Technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) presented that compared with sprinkler and flood irrigation at 60% FC irrigation scheduling, drip irrigation at 60% FC irrigation scheduling provides the best results for improved the yield, WPc, and EWPc, and optimal balance in GWP and GWPI. Therefore, the irrigation scheduling of 60% FC combined with drip irrigation is suggested for sustained wheat yield, improved WPc and EWPc, and mitigated GWP in the NCP.

Effect of irrigation scheduling and nitrogen management on growth and development of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea)

A field experiment was conducted during winter (rabi) seasons of 2019–20 and 2020–21 at Agronomy Farm, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat to assess the influence of irrigation scheduling and nitrogen management on crop growth and development of Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern]. The experiment was planned using split-plot design where treatments replicated thrice. The main plots were allotted with 3 irrigation levels, viz. irrigation at 0.6 IW/CPE ratio (I1), irrigation at 0.8 IW/CPE ratio (I2) and irrigation at 1.0 IW/CPE ratio (I3) and in sub-plots 5 nitrogen management treatments, viz. 100% RDN through chemical fertilizer (N1); 100% RDN through vermicompost (N2); 75% RDN through chemical fertilizer + 25% RDN through vermicompost (N3); 50% RDN through chemical fertilizer + 50% RDN through vermicompost (N4) and 25% RDN through chemical fertilizer + 50% RDN through vermicompost + Bio NPK Consortium @1.0 litre/ha (N5) were practised. The results showed that, growth traits of mustard, viz. height of plant, dry matter accumulation, crop growth rates, leaf area and leaf area index were significantly enhanced by scheduling irrigation at 0.8 IW/CPE ratio and application of 50% RDN through chemical fertilizer + 50% RDN through vermicompost among nitrogen management treatments. Hence, mustard growth and development can be significantly improved by application of irrigation at 0.8 IW/CPE ratio and 50% RDN through chemical fertilizer + 50% RDN through vermicompost.

Influence of Irrigation Scheduling on Physiological Growth Parameters and Yield of Wheat under Different Sowing Dates

Sowing time and irrigation play an important role to ensure higher production. Delay in sowing affects the growth and development of crop. Studying the effect of irrigation scheduling and sowing dates can provide a knowledge for improving production in late sowing conditions. A field experiment was conducted during the rabi season of 2020-21 at Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh to study the influence of irrigation scheduling on physiological growth parameters and yield of wheat under different sowing dates. The experiment comprised of 12 treatment combinations having three sowing dates, 3rd December, 18th December and 2nd January in the main-plot and four Irrigation Water/ Cumulative Pan Evaporation (IW/CPE) based irrigation scheduling, viz. 1.0, 0.9, 0.8 and 0.7 in the sub-plot was analyzed in split-plot design with three replications. The findings of present investigation revealed that the physiological growth parameters and yield were higher in 3rd December sown date. Among the irrigation scheduling, IW/CPE ratio 1.0 recorded significantly higher growth parameters and yield. The results of the present study conclude that adjusting sowing date with irrigation scheduling could assist in enhancing yield.

Enhancing Blackgram Yield through Optimized Irrigation Scheduling and Integrated Nutrient Management: Growth Characteristics and Yield Components

A field experiment was carried out at Soil Conservation and Water Management Farm of C S Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur during Zaid seasons i.e. 2022 and 2023 to assess the effect of irrigation scheduling and integrated nutrient management on blackgram.The experiment consisted of three irrigation schedulesviz.I1:0.4 IW/CPE, I2:0.6 IW/CPE, I3:0.8 IW/CPE, along with five integrated nutrient management options viz.F1: 100% RDF, F2:125% RDF.F3: 75% RDF + 2.5 ton FYM/ha,F4: 50 % RDF + 5 ton FYM/ha.F5: 50% RDF + 2.5 ton FYM/ha + 1 tonvermi-compost. The experiment was conducted in Split Plot Design replicated thrice irrigation scheduling systems in main plots and integrated nutrient management in sub plots. The result clearly revealed that significantly higher growth attributes viz plant height (35.25 cm and 37.56 cm), number of branches plant-1 (8.87 and 9.21), number of plant leaves (19.96 and 20.29) at harvest and yield attributes viz number of pod per plant (27.80 and 30.10) no of seed per pod (6.62 and 6.91) and also higher seed yield (9.30 q ha-1 and 9.90 qha-1 ), stover yield(23.21 q ha-1 and 24.03 q ha-1) were recorded with I3: 0.8 IW/CPE compared to I1: 0.4 IW/CPE and I2: 0.6 IW/CPE. Among the integrated nutrient management significantly higher growth attributes viz plant height (36.12 cm and 38.07 cm), number of branches plant-1 (9.01 and 9.32), number of plant leaves (20.05 and 20.45) at harvest and yield attributes viz number of pod per plant (28.44 and 30.17) no of seed per pod (7.05 and 7.37) and also higher grain yield (9.73 q ha-1 and 10.27 qha-1 ), stover yield(23.55 q ha-1 and 24.76 q ha-1) were recorded with F5:50% RDF + 2.5 ton FYM/ha + 1 ton vermi-compost as compared to other integrated nutrient management protocol.

Effect of irrigation scheduling at critical growth stages and fertility levels on growth, yield and quality of summer sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

A field experiment was conducted with sesame during summer season of 2007 and 2008 on clayey soil ofCotton Research Centre, Khapat farm, Junagadh Agricultural University, Porbandar, Gujarat to find out thecombined effect of irrigation at critical growth stages and fertility levels on growth, yield attributes, yields andquality of sesame. The treatments consisted 24 possible combinations of four levels of irrigation in main plot andsix levels of fertility in sub-plot. The results revealed that irrigating the crop at branching, flowering, capsule andseed development stages with the application of 75:50:50 kg NP2O5K2O/ha were found significant for number ofeffective branches/plant, length of capsule, number of capsules/plant, number of seed/capsule, seed yield/plant, seedyield and stover yields of sesame, harvest index, 1000-seed weight, protein and oil content in seed, oil yield andnitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake. Whereas water use efficiency was maximum when the crop wasirrigated at flowering and capsule development stages only.

Effect of irrigation schedules and drought tolerance varieties on productivity and profitability of sugarcane

An experiment conducted at Agricultural Research Station-Ummedganj, Kota (Rajasthan) during 2020-21 and 2021-22 on sugarcane. The experiment consisted twelve treatment combinations of two irrigation schedules viz. (IW/CPE ratio 1.0 and 0.3) and six sugarcane varieties (CoPk 5191, CoLk 14201 &amp; CoLk 11203 early maturing and Co 05011, Co 09022 and CoLk11206 mid late maturing) were under taken in strip plot design with four replications. Results showed that the maximum brix content (20.42 and 23.15 %), sucrose content (17.77 and 20.50 %) and CCS yield (10.83 and 12.54 t/ha) at 10- and 12-months crop were recorded in the pooled analysis under application of irrigation at IW/CPE ratio 1.0 over application of irrigation at IW/CPE ratio 0.3. Pooled data of two years showed that the significantly higher cane yield (86.16 t/ha), net return (Rs. 145524.00/ha) and B: C ratio (2.26) was recorded with application of irrigation at IW/CPE ratio 1.0 as compared to application of irrigation at IW/CPE ratio 0.3 in sugarcane. Two years pooled data showed that the early maturing variety of CoPk 05191 was found better in respect to brix content (20.33 and 22.58 %), sucrose content (17.62 and 20.62 %) and CCS yield (10.75 and 12.40 t/ha) at 10- and 12-month crop and mid late maturing variety of Co 05011 brix content (20.52 and 22.48 %), sucrose content (17.55 and 20.37 %) and CCS yield (10.65 and 12.30 t/ha) at 10- and 12-month crop as compared to remaining sugarcane varieties. The maximum cane yield (87.61 and 86.75 t/ha), net returns (Rs. 153790.00 and Rs. 153940.00 /ha) and B:C ratio (2.33 and 2.29) was recorded with sowing of of early maturing variety CoPk 05191 mid late maturing variety of Co 05011 over rest of the sugarcane varieties.

Effect of irrigation schedules on productivity, quality and water use of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) under staggered sowing in Northwest India

A field experiment was conducted during the winter (rabi) seasons of 2019–20 and 2020–21 at the Guru Kashi University, Talwandi Sabo, Bathinda (Punjab), to study the effect of irrigation schedules on different growth, yieldattributing characters, yield, quality and water use in Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.] in relation to sowing time. Results revealed that, early-sown crop, i.e. 10 October, recorded the higher growth parameters, viz. plant height, dry-matter accumulation, primary branches/plants, secondary branches/plant, and yield-attributing characters, viz. siliquae/plant, seeds/siliqua, siliqua length and 1,000-seed weight of Indian mustard. The crop sown on 10 October gave the highest seed yield (1449 kg/ha) which was significantly higher than the crop sown on 25 October (1,171 kg/ha) and 10 November (643 kg/ha). Oil yield, nitrogen content and protein content were also significantly higher in 10 October sown crop. Early-sown crop, i.e. 10 October, resulted in the 21.2 and 119.5% higher water-use efficiency (7.55 kg/ha/mm) than 25 October (6.23 kg/ha mm) and 10 November (3.44 kg/ha/mm) sown crop. Application of 3 irrigations, viz. at branching, flowering and siliqua-formation stages, resulted in higher plant height, dry matter, primary and secondary branches/plant, siliquae/plant, 1,000-seed weight, stover yield and harvest index in Indian mustard. Three irrigations at branching, flowering and siliqua-formation stages resulted in significantly higher seed yield (1,658 kg/ha), oil content (42.2%), oil yield (699.7 kg) and protein content (22.3%). This treatment resulted in the 23.3% higher water-use efficiency (6.50 kg/ha/mm) than the control (5.27 kg/ha/mm).

Effect of Irrigation Schedule and Organic Fertilizer on Wheat Yield, Nutrient Uptake, and Soil Moisture in Northwest India

Indiscriminate and injudicious application of inorganic fertilizers and irrigation, respectively, cause declines in crop productivity as well as environmental pollution. Therefore, judicious use of organic manures and proper scheduling of irrigation are required for sustainable production of wheat crops. A two-year (2014–2015 and 2015–2016) study was conducted to determine the wheat nutrient uptake, soil moisture, and grain yield as a result of organic manures and irrigation schedule. The experiment was set up with four treatments of organic manure in four subplots with repellents and five irrigation planning treatments in the main plot. The results showed that an irrigation/water ratio of 0.9 irrigation water depth/cumulative pan evaporation (I2) increased grain yield, soil moisture content, and nutrient uptake of wheat (I3) compared to 0.6 IW/CPE during the vegetative period and 0.8 IW/CPE during the reproductive period. According to statistics, it was found that the vegetative period is maintained at 0.8 IW/CPE, and the reproductive period is maintained at 1.0 IW/CPE (I5). Applying 7.5 Mg ha−1 of farmyard manure (FYM) plus 3 Mg ha−1 of vermicompost while employing organic manure increases grain output, soil moisture content, and nutrient content and absorption compared to the control treatment. Therefore, it is concluded that irrigation either at I2 or I5 + FYM at 7.5 Mg ha−1 + vermicompost at 3 Mg ha−1 could be recommended for enhancing grain of wheat cultivation, particularly in the semiarid regions of northwestern India.

Effects of Irrigation Scheduling on the Growth Parameters of Amaranth in Itakpe, Kogi State, Nigeria.

Effects of Irrigation Scheduling on the Growth Parameters of Amaranth in Itakpe, Kogi State, Nigeria.

Effects of Irrigation Scheduling and Nitrogen Levels on Soil Nutrient and Their Uptake in Radish (Raphanus Sativus L.) in Mid Hills of North-Western Himalayas, India

ABSTRACT Irrigation and N are the main two limiting factors for the radish growth and soil nutrient pool. Inappropriate irrigation and nitrogen application can negatively affect the soil nutrient status and accelerate nutrient losses which can lead to ground water pollution and soil degradation. In this study, four irrigation schedules viz. I0 (no irrigation), I1-IW/CPE = 0.8, I2-IW/CPE = 1.0, I3-IW/CPE = 1.2 and three N levels i.e. N0 (no N application), N1 (75% RDN) and N2 (100% RDN) were evaluated and replicated thrice in a RBD (factorial) during 2016–17 and 2017–18 at experimental farm of Dr YSP University of Horticulture and Forestry Nauni, Solan (HP), on sandy loam soil. Results revealed that irrigation and nitrogen levels had a significant effect on soil nutrient contents and maximum available N, P contents were observed under N2I1, N0I0 respectively, while available K, Ca, Mg and sulfate sulfur were highest under N2I3. Nutrient uptake significantly enhanced with increase in irrigation and N levels due to their solubilility and mobility. Lowest values were recorded under control. Nitrogen use efficiency decreased with increase in nitrogen levels. Results of study could be highly supportive in selecting appropriate irrigation schedule (I3) and N (100% RDN) level for fertility and efficient management of scarce water resources.

Effects of Irrigation Scheduling on Yield of Potato and Water Productivity Southern, Ethiopia

Irrigation water is one of the major limiting factors that affect crop production in Ethiopia. Irrigation scheduling is an important technique for quantifying water required by plants at a particular interval to improve irrigation efficiency. The objective of this study was to evaluate the irrigation scheduling effects on potato yield and water productivity. The study was designed in four experimental treatments as: 5, 7, 9 days intervals, and Farmer practice arranged in randomized complete block design with three replications. The two years combined yield results showed that a maximum yield of 21.99ton/ha was obtained from 9 days irrigation interval treatment and a minimum yield of 15.80ton/ha was obtained from Farmer’s practice. Maximum and minimum water productivity of 3.34 kg/m3 and 2.4 kg/m3 were obtained from 9-day irrigation intervals and farmers’ practice, respectively. From these results, it can be observed that to attain the maximum potato yield and water productivity in the study area, it is better to use 9-days irrigation interval with a determined irrigation water amount.

Effect of Irrigation Scheduling and Potassium Foliar Spray on Growth, Yield and Water Productivity of Maize.

Effect of Irrigation Scheduling and Potassium Foliar Spray on Growth, Yield and Water Productivity of Maize.

Effect of Irrigation Scheduling and Foliar Organic Nutrition on Growth and Yield of Summer Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

A field experiment was conducted during summer season of 2022 at Crop Research Farm (CRF). Department of Agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj (UP) on soil with sandy loam in texture with Organic carbon 0.48%, Available Nitrogen 278.93 Kg/ha, Available Phosphorus 19.03 Kg/ha, Available Potassium 238.1 Kg/ha, Soil Ph 7.4, EC 0.47 ds/m to investigate the effect ofrrigation scheduling and foliar organic nutrition on growth and yield of Zaid Groundnut. The treatments consist of three irrigation schedulings viz., I1: 3 irrigations (25,45,70 DAS), I2: 2 irrigations (25,45 DAS), I3: 2 irrigations (25,70 DAS) and three foliar organic nutrition F1 – Panchagavya at 3%, F2 – Jeevamrutha at 3%, F3 – Panchamrutha at 3% whose effect is observed on Groundnut (var. Kadiri-6). The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with ten treatments replicated thrice. The treatment with application of 3 irrigations (25,45,70 DAS) + panchagavya-3% recorded significantly higher plant height (60.07cm) and plant dry weight (39.62 g), number of pods per plant (20.33), number of kernels per pod (2.47), seed index (39.84 g), pod yield (2.85 t/ha) and haulm yield (4.4 t/ha) compared to other treatment combinations. It is concluded that 3 irrigations (25,45,70 DAS) and panchagavya-3% accomplished better growth parameters, yield attributes and higher pod yield in groundnut crop.